[12] 반도체 기초_19

This is the last class. I want to talk about the future device for semiconductor This is pretty much rated some nanoscale so this is kind of nanotechnology scale so as only like 1959 this guy expecting something

plenty room in the ATT battle which is expecting nanoscale which is atomic scale electronic or electronic or like all kinds of transistor so which is something like a semiconductor which is a transistor

smaller smaller smaller smaller okay so so things is gonna be realized in the recently so channel to channel it's just source to drain is less than like 10 nanometer something build the atomic scale so I will talk about some more this is a long time ago

half centuries ago founder Intel expecting every two years which is integrated circular ICG double every year but now it looks more something is given area how many transits are embedded which is higher density density means higher like memory scale you know the memory like USB memory

so like mega scale 10 years ago now is a gigabyte something thousands is much higher density so given area as many as transistor embeds which is higher scale of the memory your cell phone like 500 giga now maybe soon or later or a little terabyte maybe

but the limitation is something based on the silicon okay, silicon beyond the silicon who knows okay so all the technology based on the silicon there is something big, harder, something barrier there but something is a vision needed, something care or something barrier how? buy something, sub-dream other material maybe so in the future other material could be beyond the silicon

this is something in the future silicon electronic silicon transistor which is silicon Semiconductor So, this is a carbon nanotube. This is a very famous single-world nanotube or multi-world nanotube. This is a carbon structure, like a crystallized structure or the honeycomb structure.

The honeycomb structure is aligned perfectly in two-dimensional, which is something two-dimensional material. People call it that. something is very much similar with the graphing graphing it's a world famous graphing, carbon nanotube there was a booming like 20 years ago, there was a booming like 10 years ago so this is a carbon is a new era new era for this something electronic I want to briefly explain why it is mechanical properties are pretty much good because tensor stress is 10GPa or yungs modulus is 1TPa

extremely high this is based on the mass this number is extremely high extraordinary very much extraordinary So if you are using this mechanical property, the substruring is still wire Still wire can be something used for the what? Space elevator Earth to the moon, space elevator, we need something

something Tesla guy doing something about the space shuttle so bounce back and forth in our same moon that costs money space elevator much less but something we don't have a technology for manufacturing this kind of we do this material to making something carbon rock wire okay so something like that okay but people not using this one okay so more like electronic property okay why because beyond the silicon could be sub-turing

so possibly so carbon nanotube that is what very interesting is something this is graphing this is rolled up like a straw rolled up like this and then make the tube style that is carbon nanotube this is what? no band gap but carbon nanotube is band gap which is good for the semiconductor

which is good for the transistor something like that it could make the band gap in graphene but something is a trade-off if you open up the band gap there is mobility or all kinds of electric properties drive down there is a problem So this is something so carbon nanotube I want to explain next page

carbon nanotube could be something metal or semiconductor which is ballistic transport something about electronic no other so very smoothly transition this is good for the carbon material this is carbon nanotube it is a high-income structure like a low drop there is one single one nanotube which is a graphing sheet

single world nano two could be mature as many layers like tens of layers, 20 layers could be possible but they have something theory theory which is something basic fundamental the math here because this is the point how LULDA here or here is more larger diameter this is larger diameter something so how roll it up the direction there is a tensile vector whatever i don't want to talk about more detail but diameter

roll it up small or big okay so diameter is a bigger is band gap is reduced this is a band gap is larger so smaller diameter band gap larger diameter band gap smaller. There is something principal. How to roll that up? So C vector 0, this is two dimensional A1, A2 vector here. Cell wave is something carbon nanotube which is something. Roll that this direction, there is something M0. M and N number is the same as something armchair.

so there is something principal, this is called the chiral rectum so how rolled it up? so that is something principal we make the design, the semiconductor so this is the real image for the TAM this is the lovely we see through the real picture with like a honeycomb structure So any vector, how we rule it out, this vector, this electron property comes out

So it depends on any number, this is n, m number we can figure out the diameter which is angle, so how much it is between the angle, whatever So it depends on the d structure, this size something band gap how much band gap what it is band gap so it is very interesting there is something that beyond this silicon could be possibly can develop something guide the people

The single one nanotrile I mentioned was the graphene stop. This is the honeycomb structure here. So that is the decided band gap. As I told you graphene is no band gap. Why? It is closed. Contact each other. Balance band, conduction band, contact each other which is no band gap. This is no band gap. Electronic structure. So this is energy diagram we are just drawing something theoretically So this is band gap here, this is the closing of 6 points

which is totally no band gap existing in carbon which is graphene stuff This is graphene structure This is the graphene, this is the carbon nanotube This is some kind of two dimensional mega bow We call it something bucky bow, carbon structure There is all kinds of structures that people develop So all these devices

got achieved something Nobel們 prize by people okay this is some carbon nanotube which is multiple nanotube what it is this is a single nanotube one tube surface in here like one nanometer much less but this is what it really means something many layers in here, this is a virtual nano tube so this is a real image body, carbon nano tube this is a single world nano tube bundle

just making here, so this is a closed cap or open cap depends on the people already discovered what it is what characteristic it is So this is the rear carbon nanotube in here that source and drain something gate here which is something back gate in here So this is the image of carbon nanotube future electronic structure People develop and then discover metal grade by litho-rapping even litho-rapping because it is very much small

This is the top gate but this is the bottom gate. So it depends on the way we just design and feature electronic transport transistors by semiconductor by carbon nanotube. People are developing beyond this silicon. So people measure what property it is. This is carbon nanotube. Atomic scale thin wire in here, this is the electrode This is first developed something more than 20 years ago

People booming when it is carbon nano 2 This is a real transistor image The room temperature transistor with one carbon nano 2 something we just measure depends on the gate voltage whatever performance coming up to realize this is a very better performance than the silicon so people discover it is okay

so this is carbonate like little wire here electrode in here people embedded in metal something this is a tie-platin polydium-1-core which is dropped in here something measure for the transistor this is something about the carbon nanotube real device okay we do what this is silicon chip on the surface, substrate is silicon. Silicon is so much perfect.

So that is why all the thing is going to be fabrication is based on the evenly solved before the solar panel. Although you guys learned this method, all kinds of techniques involved in here. But only different thing is something two or one dimensional material into the top of the silicon vapor so using this graphene or carbon nanotube is the bottom-up fabrication

This is a carbon nanotube with very much smoke This is very much smoke This is an atomic thin wire here This is what I did when I graduated student This carbon nanotube is here At that time, like 20 years ago, the wire, the atomic thin wire transfer, target, exact place that was taken

This is very difficult but how the fabrication is very challenging So principally, like 20 years ago, this is much better than silicon but not commercialized, why? because technique is something limitation is what? manufacturing so even though the principle is good, perfect, whatever so commercialize is different story commercialize means something like 100 products to try something more than 95

like a mal-product thing or that is something more than 50% everything is a throwaway something is no good okay you are all that electronics all kinds of stuff is developed to do 50 years ago more than like old principle but commercialized means manufacturing technique is different story okay it takes more than half century okay so maybe this is keeping trying these days but I don't know when it's gonna be

final product coming up by the carbon nanotube transistor or graphene electrode okay so it takes time okay takes time more than half century so your things are gonna be pretty much not that easy so transfer single-volved by nanotube here transfer in here, electrode in here, we measure here point, here point here we just measure properly of the real stuff okay this is carbon nanotube, atomic scale

this is electronic BF we cannot do by optical microscope this is electronic beam then see this image this is white and black then we will color then we just mentioned here We did that, okay, one single-volt nanotube and PFET and NFET we just combination NP type we just make a circuit to view transistor track

so this is the back gate in here or something driving voltage whatever So people working on it So another thing is something flexible. Printing electronic, printing transistor. What does this mean? Printing means something flexible. It's like organic material. Organic means flexible.

and the manufacturing process is easy, which is printable printing electronics, which is on plastic or polymer, there is printing electronics which means what? printing means cost less Cost low means disposable one time use throw away electronic USB memory one time use throw away

now expensive that's why you cannot do that but something is electronic or embedded in flexible which is organic which means flexible and disposable in the future so things are people working on it this kind of stuff source and drain, something that is parallel or vertically could be possible there is something graphene, electronic, something electrode electrode is metal substituted by the graphene

This is a source drain or gate here, something flexible, electrical You guys know what this structure is So that's why something 2D transistor, 2D dimensional which is graphene, one 2D material, another one is MOS2, this is like substituting the silica this is semiconductor with graphene electrode with hexagonal boron nitride which is substituting by dielectric

dielectric which is SiO2 this is much better than SiO2, people working on it, so this kind of transistor, source drain which is electrode in here so we just make with source and drain semiconductor channel open up here, maybe this one nano fabrication

this is in the future MOS2 is a band gap graphene is no band gap using for the electrode this is the active part this is the passive part this is the active part that is the semiconductor band gap, this is no band gap so this is one of the things emerged

so now I am going to talk about something what is future or current people working on technology I'm going to briefly introduce in here so we learn about the transistor this is a wafer, wafer means silicon silicon wafer we just make something structuralizing something transistor on top of that Build the vector transistor which is a gate all around which means what?

This is a control channel This is a control channel So we are designing or designing Research on the controlling carrier transfer perfectly Perfectly means on and off ratio is what? Close to the infinity

So off is almost zero This is the maximum I, this is infinity. This is good performance device. So, gate control means like a control channel fully closed when fully open. So we design something gate structure which is a Now there is all around the field effect is more costly of its zero status

Before like a shark fin like this This is shark fin something closing gate Before like a planar like 2D only one surface will defect on it but as time is going on something is like this three directionally controlled this is one direction this is three direction three direction control but this is one or a okay

each electric field on it the more tightly closer so which is closer to zero okay this is as time is going on current people working on it like this okay so F80 so this is what like first no leakage okay good device good device no leakage current

no leakage so like this the source and drain gate is something we just closing here this pin that I mentioned here was just wanted but this is distraction, distraction, distraction distraction like a thin-style gate control or double-sided so people try okay this is all around something is wire this is transistor but gate is around the GA

all around okay which is something like the vertical this is parallel but this is vertically lined up the channel and then gate control wrap it up 360 degree tight control trying to do very much tight control okay so this is the device this is all the thing is going to be silicon vapor starting okay so this is a channel made by something new material of a new design all kinds of approaches available

so things as I mentioned here something cell scale how much it is so here planar FAT means something one like 2D measure only one direction only control as I mentioned here this direction, this direction, this direction, shark fin style so then something nanowire, channel is more but rapid up by some gate controller

so this is a chain and then something vertically or parallel complementary one stack ffet something stack up okay so uh this is a all the thing in the generation of the next generation transition what is it okay so I just briefly mention about this new material something to try beyond this new material possible

new fabrication design okay the trend is the design is another factor then the other one is what this is one two three the other one is what manufacturing skill so cost less one single transistor reasonable price tens of dollars is okay but too much money in the Couponby we can do any commercialization

reasonable price but this is the manufacturing price is too much higher something not commercialized yet some technology and so we see we wait until something has a time is going something is what product is going to be what commercialized it is okay so all the future research on your hands okay which means we keep working on it and then what's coming up next decade or currently people working hard working hard something keeping going on okay

thank you sorry I missed the one page this is last slide okay so transistor which is something This channel lens, something source to the drain this distance smaller, smaller, 6 nanometer, maybe in the future 2 nanometer This is something current technology, but something getting smaller, smaller So this is a channel lens, but this is what? Something one transistor size

gate pitch 36 nanometer so things going on this is 2020 keeping going on in the future geometry as I mentioned something GAA or So this is a real image for your transistor.

Okay. Okay. Thank you very much.